Cascade multi-purpose heat pumps are designed to concurrently meet the hot water (HW) and cooling needs, and
the HW and heating demands of buildings. However, the capacity of heat pumps deteriorates as the building load
increases. At such conditions, the capacity of the heat pump needs to be enhanced to ensure that its rated value is
maintained. This study examines the adoption of a variable speed compressor in the low-stage (LS) of a water
source cascade multi-purpose heat pump for capacity control at different outdoor conditions in many operating
modes. The study showed that the variable speed compressor is highly reliable for the capacity control of the
cascade multi-purpose heat pump in all operating modes at varying outdoor temperature conditions. However,
the variable speed compressor to be adopted for the capacity control of the cascade multi-purpose heat pump
should have a higher capacity and wider range of compressor speeds to meet the rated capacity of the cascade
multi-purpose heat pump at severe outdoor temperature conditions in HW mode and heating-HW mode.
Furthermore, the variable speed compressor should be installed in the low stage cycle and hot water cycle to
ensure precise capacity control, improved system efficiency and energy savings.