Abstract: Industrial greenhouse mushroom cultivation is currently promising, due to the nutritious
and commercial mushroom benefits and its convenience in adapting smart agriculture technologies.
Traditional Device-Cloud protocol in smart agriculture wastes network resources when big data
from Internet of Things (IoT) devices are directly transmitted to the cloud server without processing,
delaying network connection and increasing costs. Edge computing has emerged to bridge these
gaps by shifting partial data storage and computation capability from the cloud server to edge
devices. However, selecting which tasks can be applied in edge computing depends on user-specific
demands, suggesting the necessity to design a suitable Smart Agriculture Information System (SAIS)
architecture for single-crop requirements. This study aims to design and implement a cost-saving
multilayered SAIS architecture customized for smart greenhouse mushroom cultivation toward
leveraging edge computing. A three-layer SAIS adopting the Device-Edge-Cloud protocol, which
enables the integration of key environmental parameter data collected from the IoT sensor and RGB
images collected from the camera, was tested in this research. Implementation of this designed
SAIS architecture with typical examples of mushroom cultivation indicated that low-cost data preprocessing
procedures including small-data storage, temporal resampling-based data reduction,
and lightweight artificial intelligence (AI)-based data quality control (for anomalous environmental
conditions detection) together with real-time AI model deployment (for mushroom detection) are
compatible with edge computing. Integrating the Edge Layer as the center of the traditional protocol
can significantly save network resources and operational costs by reducing unnecessary data sent
from the device to the cloud, while keeping sufficient information.